Final answer:
The Carrier Pigeon and the Fantail Pigeon both evolved from the common rock pigeon through a process known as artificial selection. This is a method of evolution where humans select and breed species with desirable traits. The creation of new species from a common ancestor is called speciation.
Step-by-step explanation:
From rock pigeons, the Carrier Pigeon and the Fantail Pigeon are two types emerged as an outcome of artificial selection. Artificial selection is a process in which humans select and breed individuals in a species with traits that are deemed desirable. This human-influenced evolution leads to diversity in species, with each descendant showing more pronounced traits than their common predecessor. In this case, the common rock pigeon. This process is a major part of evolution, and having two species evolved from the same species from a long time ago is referred to as speciation.
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