Final answer:
The Catholic Church responded to Martin Luther's 95 Theses with excommunication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Catholic Church's response to Martin Luther's 95 Theses was excommunication. Excommunication is the formal exclusion of a person from the Catholic Church. In 1520, Pope Leo X issued a papal bull called Exsurge Domine, which condemned Luther's teachings and threatened him with excommunication if he did not retract his statements. When Luther refused to recant, he was formally excommunicated by the Church in 1521.
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