Answer:
To find the number of moles in a given amount of a substance, you can use the formula:
\[\text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{Mass (in grams)}}{\text{Molar mass}}.\]
For glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)):
- The molar mass of carbon (\(C\)) is approximately \(12 \, \text{g/mol}\).
- The molar mass of hydrogen (\(H\)) is approximately \(1 \, \text{g/mol}\).
- The molar mass of oxygen (\(O\)) is approximately \(16 \, \text{g/mol}\).
Now, calculate the molar mass of glucose by adding up the molar masses of its individual atoms:
\[Molar \, mass_{\text{glucose}} = 6 \times (\text{molar mass}_{\text{carbon}}) + 12 \times (\text{molar mass}_{\text{hydrogen}}) + 6 \times (\text{molar mass}_{\text{oxygen}}).\]
Substitute the values and calculate:
\[Molar \, mass_{\text{glucose}} = 6 \times 12 + 12 \times 1 + 6 \times 16.\]
After finding the molar mass of glucose, you can use the formula to find the number of moles:
\[\text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{Mass of glucose}}{\text{Molar mass}_{\text{glucose}}}.\]
Substitute the given mass of glucose (45 grams) and the calculated molar mass of glucose into the formula to find the number of moles.