Final answer:
Implicit or indirect characterization is when a theme is presented through setting, point of view, and actions of the characters.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a theme is not stated directly and is instead presented through setting, point of view and actions of the characters, it is called implicit or indirect characterization. In literature, authors often use these techniques to develop themes without explicitly stating them. For example, in the novel 'To Kill a Mockingbird,' the theme of racial injustice is portrayed through the segregated town, the perspective of Scout as the narrator, and the actions of Atticus Finch.
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