Final answer:
Translation is the process of using mRNA to produce a polypeptide chain. It occurs in ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
Translation in Biology
In biology, translation is the process in which the genetic information encoded in mRNA is used to produce a specific polypeptide chain. It occurs in the ribosomes, which are found in the cytoplasm of the cell.
During translation, mRNA binds to the small subunit of the ribosome, and the ribosome scans the mRNA for the start codon. Once the start codon is recognized, tRNA molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome, guided by the codons on the mRNA. The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids, resulting in the synthesis of a polypeptide chain. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, signaling the end of translation.
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