Final answer:
When ice melts, water molecules gain more freedom to move and flow as a liquid. When liquid water evaporates, its molecules gain enough energy to escape into the gas phase, moving independently and randomly.
Step-by-step explanation:
When water goes from solid ice to liquid, the movement of water molecules increases. In the solid phase, the water molecules are closely packed together and vibrate in fixed positions. However, when the ice melts and turns into liquid, the intermolecular forces weaken, allowing the molecules to move more freely. They still remain in close proximity to each other, but they can now move past one another and flow.
When water goes from liquid to gas, the movement of water molecules increases even further. In the liquid phase, the molecules have more kinetic energy compared to the solid phase. When heat is applied, the water molecules gain even more kinetic energy and move faster, breaking the intermolecular forces completely and escaping into the gas phase. In the gas phase, the water molecules are far apart and move independently in random directions.
Learn more about Movement of water molecules during phase changes