Final answer:
The zygomatic process of the temporal bone forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch and serves as an attachment site for important facial muscles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch is called the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. This is an extension from the temporal bone that forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions, and the zygomatic process extends anteriorly below the squamous portion, which is the flattened, upper part of the temporal bone. Posteriorly, the mastoid portion of the temporal bone can be found.
The zygomatic arch is a significant structure as it serves as an attachment site for one of the major muscles involved in biting and chewing. It is formed by the union of two bony processes: the anterior temporal process of the zygomatic bone, which is also known as the cheekbone, and the longer, posterior zygomatic process of the temporal bone.