The 3 main causes for the War of 1812, included:
(1) British impressment of American seamen and seizure of goods in international waters.
(2) Indian unrest, encouraged by and exploited by Britain, which had never totally abandoned its forts in the US Northwest, contrary to the peace treaty that ended the American Revolution.
(3) Rise of such "War Hawks" as John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay, who saw in war the opportunity to seize Canada.
Since Madison could not work out any kind of agreement with Great Britain, he eventually agreed to request a declaration for war.
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