Question

Very Important!! Electron lender or borrower?

i need to know if these elements lend or borrow electrons and how many do they lend or borrow.
-sodium
-phosphorus
-potassium
-oxygen
-iodine
-cesium
-bromine
-sulfur
-magnesium
Please answer!! Its really important..

Answer 1

Sodium lends 1 electron.
Phosphorus borrows 3 electrons.
Potassium lends one electron.
Oxygen borrows 2 electrons.
Iodine borrows one electron.
Cesium lends 1 electron.
Bromine borrows 1 electron.
Sulfur borrows 2 electrons.
And magnesium lends 2 electrons.

Answer 2

Answer : Lending makes the element as cation (positively charged species) and borrowing makes the element as anion (negatively charged species).

Usually all the metal species donates the electrons and non-metals accepts (borrows) the electrons.

Sodium (Na) donates 1 electron and becomes
`Na^(+)`.

Phosphorus (P) accepts 3 electrons and becomes an anion of phosphorus
`P^(-3)`.

Potassium (K) donates its one electron and gets converted to
`K^(+)`.

Oxygen (O) accepts 2 electrons and turns as
`O^(-2)` .

Iodine (I) accepts one electron and gets converted into
`I^(-)`.

Cesium (Cs) donates 1 electron and turns to
`Cs^(+)`.

Bromine (Br) accepts 1 electron and turns as
`Br^(-)`.

Sulfur (S) accepts 2 electrons and becomes
`S^(-2)`.

Magnesium (Mg) donates its 2 electrons and gets converted as
`Mn^(+2)`.