The correct answer is "longtime stays and repatriation."
Afghan migration to Pakistan and Iran is distinguished by longtime stays and repatriation.
Due to the many war conflict and violence in past decades and the poverty lived in most of the country, Afghans need to leave Afghanistan to try to look for better living conditions. They emigrate to Pakistan and Iran and are considered refugees. Since the years of the Soviet Union invasion of 1979, Afghanistan has lived in a constant period of armed confrontation, invasions, and terrorism.