Answer: 
The correct answer is - one factor. 
Explanation: 
A well-designed experiment is an experiment that permits researchers to remove or discard the extra variables as a description or explanation for the independent and dependent variable relation, 
In a well-designed experiment, scientists test a single variable or factor at a time and should be clearly identified easily. There should be one controlled system in a well-designed experiment. 
Thus, the correct answer is - one.