Question

What was the main cause of the Islamic world's hardships during the thirteenth century?

A.
western Europeans invading Muslim lands

B.
Mongol tribes invading Muslim lands

C.
dissension between rival factions of Islam

D.
famine and diseases introduced from Africa

Answer 1

I think its B maybe?

Answer 2

The appropriate answer is b. Mongol tribes invading Muslim lands. The Mongol tribes had been empowered Genghis Khan and as such had become a formidable hoard of conquerors that had seized much of the Eurasian landmass and the ruling Islamic caliphate in the west. The hardships during this period marked the end of the Golden age of Islam.