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The Greek civilization, on which the foundations of Western politics and culture were laid, began to form around 2000 BC on the Balkan peninsula and declined in the second century BC when the territory was occupied by the Romans. The history of ancient Greece is divided into five periods: pre-Homeric, Homeric, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic.
Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, philosophy, literature, dramaturgy and the modern idea of democracy. It has more ancient monuments than any other European nation. Among them, several are world heritage sites, such as the Archaeological Site of Olympia, where the Olympic Games were born, the Delphic Oracle, place of worship of the Apollo God, and the Acropolis, located in the heart of the capital, Athens.