It was the Potsdam Conference that decided on how to address the issues arising from the surrender of Nazi Germany. The conference was attended by The Big Three — Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (replaced on July 26 by Prime Minister Clement Attlee), and U.S. President Harry Truman — in which they met in Potsdam, Germany, from July 17 to August 2, 1945, to negotiate terms for the end of World War II.