Question

According to anthropologists, why did planting crops lead to the rise of a political class

Answer 1

The political class retains a collective interest. The class that will shape the government based on their interests as a group. Historically the plantation has lead to the rise of a political class because they were the first organized group with the right to protect their lands and their slave´s properties.

Answer 2

Planting crops divide the society to Land Owner and Workers basis, which later on become the foundation of Political Class.
Those who own the land tend to be on the higher class meanwhile the workers tend to be on the lower class

hope this helps