Question

1. What was John Locke’s part in the American Revolution? (1 point)

He was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
He was a spy for the Americans.
He wrote the Constitution.
His ideas influenced America’s founders.

2. What was the Enlightenment? (1 point)

the time immediately following the American Revolution
a movement started by the Sons of Liberty
a time when people began discussing new ideas
a word used by the British to describe their rule of the colonies

3. Which of the following would Montesquieu have approved of? (1 point)

a totalitarian dictatorship
checks and balances
a theocracy
the Articles of Confederation

4. Which principle of the Constitution was influenced by John Locke? (1 point)

popular sovereignty
federalism
the Great Compromise
the separation of powers

Answer 1

John Locke's ideas influenced America's founders in the American Revolution, the Enlightenment was a time of discussing new ideas, Montesquieu approved of checks and balances, and the principle of the separation of powers in the Constitution was influenced by Locke.

Step-by-step explanation:

John Locke's part in the American Revolution was that his ideas influenced America’s founders. Locke's writings on government and individual rights, such as the idea of natural rights, the social contract theory, and the consent of the governed, had a significant impact on Thomas Jefferson and other Founding Fathers. These ideas shaped their understanding of the relationship between the colonies and the British government and influenced the development of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.

The Enlightenment was a time when people began discussing new ideas. It was a philosophical and intellectual movement in Europe that emphasized reason, logic, and the pursuit of knowledge. Enlightenment thinkers challenged traditional beliefs and sought to apply reason and science to understand and improve society. Their ideas about human rights, government, and the relationship between individuals and the state had a profound impact on both the American and French Revolutions.

Montesquieu, an Enlightenment thinker, would have approved of checks and balances in government. He argued for a separation of powers into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial, with each branch having its own powers and responsibilities. This system of checks and balances was designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and to safeguard individual liberties.

The principle of the separation of powers in the Constitution was influenced by John Locke. Locke's ideas on government emphasized the importance of separating the powers of government to prevent tyranny and protect individual rights. The Constitution established three separate branches of government with distinct powers, helping to ensure a system of checks and balances and the protection of individual liberties.

Answer 2

1. John Locke's part in the American Revolution: His ideas influenced America's founders. Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government (1689) expounded on ideas of government created by the people and for the people. Locke asserted that it was a law of nature that all persons are equal and independent and "no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions."

2. What was the Enlightenment? A time when people began discussing new ideas. The philosophes (philosophical thinkers) of the Enlightenment period of the 18th century promoted the use of human reason to address society's issues, rather than relying only on past ideas or traditions.

3. Montesquieu would have approved of checks and balances. Montesquieu put forth his ideas in a famous book caled The Spirit of the Laws (1748).

4. A principle of the US Constitution influenced by Locke: popular sovereignty. Locke argued for the idea that the people are utlimately the source of authority in governing, and that decisions made by the majority of people are to determine what the laws are. Locke wrote: "When any number of men have, by the consent of every individual, made a community, they have thereby made that community one body, with a power to act as one body, which is only by the will and determination of the majority."