Geographer is a scientist who studies the earth, land features and population. They gather information using maps, data analysis, photographs. They also conduct interviews and surveys. The tools that they use are Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing and GPS. Geography means the study of physical features.
Historians are the one who researched about the past. There are two types of resources, the primary and secondary sour. They use written records or photographs. Journal and testimonies are extremely important to the historian. Archeological resources are also helpful, the example of this is the study of Charles Darwin who uses fossils to the Theory of Evolution.