if the ratio is 1:2 means that one is the double of the other, then if they shared 5 dozen, that is 5*12 = 60 total eggs, so we need two numbers that add to 60 and one is the double of the other, that is two equations just said, let the numbers by x, y:
x + y = 60
y = 2x
substitute:
x + 2x = 60
x = 20
substitute:
y = 2x = 2*20
y = 40
those are the numbers, they receive 20 and 40