Final answer:
The Fourteenth Amendment ensured citizenship and equal protection under the law, impacting claims of constitutional rights violations by defining federal and state government obligations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asked about the relation of a claim to the argument that Fourteenth Amendment rights were violated. The Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, ensured that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens and are entitled to equal protection under both state and federal law, overturning the Dred Scott decision. By establishing citizenship and equal protection, the Amendment intended to protect individuals from racial discrimination and to empower the federal government to regulate the actions of states in this regard. However, the Supreme Court historically limited the scope of the Civil War Amendments by declaring they did not empower the federal government to act against private discrimination, and this influenced how such claims of Fourteenth Amendment rights violations were interpreted and adjudicated.