The preferred technique is to factor each number then multiply all common factors together to find the greatest common factor.
Step-by-step explanation:
First factor 20 down to its prime factors.
2×2×5
Second factor 30 down to its prime factors
2×3×5
The common factors are 2 and 5.
The greatest common factor is 2×5=10
There are shortcuts that often work however
20 can be easily factored into 2×10 while
30 can be easily factored into 3×10
10 can then be easily be seen as the greatest common factor.