The sudden eruptions of energy from a small area of the Sun’s surface are known as solar flare.
Solar flare is a sudden, rapid eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the small area of the sun's surface. Solar flare takes place when there is a sudden release of magnetic energy that has accumulated in the solar atmosphere. Solar flare is usually associated with sunspots and it directly influences the ionosphere (a region of the earth’s atmosphere that is weakly ionized) and radio communication on the earth.