Ibn Khaldūn. Ibn Khaldun was an Arab scholar of Islam, social scientist and historian who has been described as the father of the modern disciplines of historiography, sociology, economics, and demography. He was born May 27, 1332 in Tunis, Tunisia and d ied on March 17, 1406 in Cairo, Egypt. He was educated at Ez-Zitouna University, Mosque and University Karaouiyn.