Question

________ and ________ altered the long standing nature of hospitals by diminishing the traditional charitable or social role of these institutions in favor of profit.

Answer 1

The answer is Medicare and Medicaid.
Because of the medicare and medicaid, most people believe that there's no longer a need for traditional charity for sick people for need help, because they think all already taken care of by the government. This later on become the motivation for hospitals and drugs companies to increase the price of their products/service