Question

In a criminal jury​ trial, one option is to declare the defendant​ "not guilty". in a hypothesis test this is equivalent to which​ conclusion?

Answer 1

If in a criminal jury trial, they declare "defendant not guilty", in a hypothesis test this equivalent to "don't reject the null hypothesis".
Hypothesis are of two types: null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis, where null hypothesis is defendant is innocent and alternative is defendant is guilty. We don't say defendant is innocent, just like we don't accept null hypothesis in hypothesis testing.