The answers to this question are forward planning and backward planning. Forward planning starts with stating the condition in the present and by laying the potential decisions and actions forward in time. This also identifies the next step which is feasible, the step after that and so on. Forward planning helps in determining what is feasible in the short-term. On the other hand, backward planning begins with the end in mind. Beginning with the end in mind, this implies that since you already have the destination in mind, you make sure that every step that you take right now leads you to the right direction.