Question

As the "third force" in psychology, ________ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists' view of humans passively reacting to the environment.

Answer 1

The correct answer is humanism.
It is a 'third force' in psychology, apart from behaviorism, and psychodinamic psychology. Humanism was created to fight the limits that these two forces had - pessimism and passiveness. It is there to study every person as an individual, stressing the uniqueness of every single human in the world.