Question

Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called

Answer 1

Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called inferences

Answer 2

Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called inferences.
Those are some realizations that a person comes to based on proof which may or may not be obvious at the first glance. A reader may infer something on the basis of context or clues that can be found all over a text. The other options don't really make any sense here.