Question

Why is the charge on a charged sphere distributed uniformly over its surface

Answer 1

Similar charges repel each other and thus are spread throughout the surface if the surface is conductive.

Answer 2

As we know that all conductors are equipotential so we can say that all points lie on the surface of conductors will be at same potential.

So here we can say that

`V = (kQ)/(R)`

`V = (Q)/(4\pi \epsilon_0 R)`

now we will multiply numerator and denominator by radius R

so here we will have

`V = (QR)/(4\pi R^2 \epsilon_0)`

now we know that

`\sigma = (Q)/(4\pi R^2)`

so we have

`V = (\sigma R)/(\epsilon_0)`

since potential is constant so here charge density and radius product will remain constant always

so here on spherical conductor the charge density will remain same at all points