As molecules, proteins and nucleic acids are not similar in structure. They look nothing alike, either as large molecules or in terms of their building blocks. While they're both made up of mostly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the elements are put together in many different ways. The relationship between them has to do with protein production DNA contains the information that a cell uses, with the help of RNA, to make protein. according to the article "How are protein and nucleic acids related" by Kirstin Hendrickson