Final answer:
When a pawn reaches the other side of the chessboard, it goes through a process called pawn promotion, where it is converted into any piece the player selects, usually a queen due to its power and versatility.
Step-by-step explanation:
In chess, when a pawn reaches the other side of the board, a process called pawn promotion takes place. Pawn promotion is a rule whereby the pawn is converted to any other piece of the player's choice: a queen, rook, bishop, or knight, other than another pawn or a king. This choice is not limited to previously captured pieces. Typically, the pawn is promoted to a queen, as it is the most powerful piece, but another piece might be chosen based on the strategic needs of the situation.