Environmental science refers to an interdisciplinary field in academics, which incorporates biological, physical, and information sciences to the study of the environment, and the answer to environmental issues.
Some of the components of environmental science are environmental chemistry, atmospheric science, geosciences, forestry, and agricultural sciences, and oceanography and marine sciences.
The biological interactions refer to the associations between distinct species in an environment. In a natural world, none of the species is cut off from its environment, organisms are a component of their environment that is rich in non-living and living elements, which interact with each other in a certain manner.
The associations of an organism with its surroundings are essential to its survival, and the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole.