The correct answer is A.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 – 1829) also known as, Chevalier de Lamarck, was a French naturlist and biologist. When the French National Assembly created the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in 1793, Lamarck started to work there as a professor of zoology.
He proposed theories that connected the process of biological evolution with natural laws, such as the well-known theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, also denominated soft inheritance.