The 3 types are - sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
Sensory neurons are nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses
A motor neuron is a nerve cell whose cell body is located in the spinal cord and whose fiber projects outside the spinal cord to directly or indirectly control effector organs, mainly muscles and glands.
Interneurons create neural circuits, enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system.