Question

Which led to The division between Sunnis and Shias following the death of Muhammad

a. warfare between Persians and Turks
b. conflict over who should be the caliph
c. warfare between the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties
d. dispute over the meaning of jihad

Answer 1

conflict over who should be the caliph I guess ^^;

Answer 2

b. conflict over who should be the caliph

Explanation:

Prophet Muhammad died without a male heir neither did he choose a successor. This led to a conflict between two major groups. one group wanted that someone from the family of Muhammad should be chosen for the position of caliph while others who were in majority, Sunna ( an elite Muslim community ) to decide it in favor of Abu Bakr. Thus the followers of Ali and later his son Hussein are called Shias while the other are known as Sunnis.