When a producer owns an intermediary at the next level down in the marketing channel, it is referred to as _________. a. forward integration b. backward integration c. vertical channel connection d. horizontal

When a producer owns an intermediary at the next level down in the marketing channel, it is referred to as _________.

a. forward integration
b. backward integration
c. vertical channel connection
d. horizontal channel connection
e. horizontal integration?

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When a producer owns an intermediary at the next level down in the marketing channel, it is referred to as _________. a. forward integration b. backward integration c. vertical …

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