Question

The structure of the compound or molecule helps predict the name of compound. Given the binary molecule HCl, which statement does not follow the IUPAC nomenclature rules? A) The hydrogen cation indicates that the compound is an acid. B) The two nonmetals indicate that covalent naming rules apply. C) The name of the anion predicts the name of the final molecule. D) The lack of oxygen in the anion indicates the prefix "hydro-" is used.

Answer 1

B) The two nonmetals indicate that covalent naming rules apply.

Step-by-step explanation:

This molecule is named is hydrochloric acid. The fact the cation is a hydrogen atom indicates the molecule is an acid and does not use the standard covalent naming rules. According to IUPAC for acids that do not contain oxygen are named with the prefix "hydro-" followed by the anoin root name and the then the suffix "-ic". The anion is named chloride and this becomes "-chlor-".

Answer 2

B) The two nonmetals indicate that covalent naming rules apply

Step-by-step explanation:

In order to name a compound, we firstly have to identify the type of a compound:

• If the given compound contains a metal and a nonmetal, it is an ionic compound and it should obey the naming rules for ionic compounds. Those rules indicate the oxidation state of the cation and have to end with -ide to emphasize the presence of anion.
• If the given compound contains nonmetal atoms only, it is a covalent/molecular compound and it is named using the prefixes which correspond to the number of each atom present.

An exception, however, is observed when we name acids. Although they are covalent compounds, they are named using the rules described by acid naming rules. HCl would have to be named as hydrochloric acid which doesn't obey the standard covalent naming.