To find the equations what you have to do is use the given points and the slope.
If the line is parallel then the slope will be the same and if it is perp. then the slope will be opposite an reciprocal.
So, you use the point slope form, y-y1 = m(x-x1), and then simplify it to get to the slope intercept form.
y1 is the y coordinate of the given point, m is the slope and x1 is the x coordinate of the given point.
22) The line is parallel so the slope are going to be the same.
y - 5 = 4 (x - 2)
y - 5 = 4x - 8
y = 4x - 3
So the equation parallel to that line would be y = 4x - 3
26) The line is perp. so the slope will be opposite and reciprocal.
y - (3) = -1/2 (x - (-4))
y + 3 = -1/2 (x + 4)
y + 3 = -1/2x - 2
y = -1/2 x - 5
So the equation to the perp. line will be y = -1/2x - 5