The answers are:
a. biology - comes from the Greek ''bios'' which means ''life'', and ''logia'' which means ''study of''.
b. physics - comes from the Greek ''physike'' which means ''knowledge of nature''.
c. geography - comes from the Greek ''geographia'' which means ''earth description''.
d. algebra - comes from the Arabic ''al-jabr'' which means ''reunion of broken parts''.
e. philosophy - comes from the Greek ''philosphia'' which means ''love of wisdom''.