Benazir Bhutto was the first woman to head a modern Islamic state when she became the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1988.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first woman to head a modern Islamic state was Benazir Bhutto, who became the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1988. Her rise to power was a significant milestone in Pakistan's political history and in the realm of women's leadership in majority-Muslim countries. Bhutto's leadership challenged traditional gender roles, and she handled complex issues related to governance, national security, and international diplomacy during her time in office. Although other historical figures, such as Raziya Sultan—a 13th-century female ruler who briefly ruled the Delhi Sultanate—demonstrate earlier examples of female leadership in Islamic history, Benazir Bhutto's position as prime minister represents the modern embodiment of a female head of state within an Islamic nation.