Answer:
The Scramble of Africa was the invasion, territorial division, colonization and the annexation of African territories during the period of the New Imperialism, between the 1880s and the beginning of the First World War, which involved France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal, Belgium and Spain, justified in different claims of these countries.
The second half of the nineteenth century, in the year 1877, saw the transition from "informal" imperialism that exercised control through military influence and from economic domination to that of direct domination. Attempts to mediate imperial competition, just as the Berlin Conference (1884 - 1885) between the British Empire, the Third French Republic and the German Empire could not definitively establish the claims of each of the powers involved. These disputes over Africa were among the main factors that originated the First World War.