Question

In india, there is an elaborate system of social classification called the caste system. this has existed for thousands of years, and still dictates, to a great extent, the social and economic status of an individual. a person's caste is an example of

Answer 1

I believe the answer is ascribed status
ascribed status refers to the type of status that is achieved by a person ever since they're born (without making any efforts & accomplishment)
This type of status is often based on lineage and races.
For example, if you're born in a noble family in India, you'll be automatically placed the highest in the society's caste.