An equation is balanced when a variable and an interger has been seperated as much as possible.
x + 3 = 5 is unbalanced
x = 2 is balanced
another example
3x + 2 = 2x + 6 is unbalanced
x = 4 is balanced
It is important to balance an equation because it enables people to understand a quantity needed. This allows real life situations to be solved through math like how many apples can be bought with a 15 dollars.