The Otto system had begun, a close alliance between the German kingdom and the Church. Charlemagne had also carried out a grandiose concept of unity between Church and State, but ecclesiastical thought had given religious overtones to the Frankish state, while Otto planned a state church, owner of a hierarchy that would be a simple branch of government interior of the kingdom. To solve this problem, Otto had to permeate the Church with a new spiritual and moral life, and to liberate himself from the domination of the secular aristocracy. His best guarantee was his deeply religious nature.