To avoid nutrient deficiency one must have a balanced diet. A balanced diet would be the one which includes all the nutrients. It includes
Macronutrients: carbohydrates (the source of energy), proteins and fats.
Micronutrients: vitamins and minerals.
One should include in their diet the following things: Cereals, pulses, fruits vegetables, milk, meat, oil and fats. The amount of nutrient intake varies with age and amount of physical activity done.