The basic literary devices for short stories,biographies etc... are Tone is the authors voice or style in a writing ;could be comical,compassionate;you can find this by noticing the setting, the time period,the characters and the narrators Point of View on the story. Theme is what the author is trying to say,why he wrote the story,the underlying meaning or lesson. Plot is simply the sequence of related events in the story. Conflict is the struggle or opposing force between the main character and something or someone else. Setting is the time and place the story takes place. Juxtaposition is a unique slang or way of speaking among a certain group; a dialect even. Imagery is using descriptive language to make the readers form a clear image or colorful image like they are there in the story watching in real life