Question

How did the philosophes believe that progress could be achieved?

(A)The good of the people was not as important as the good of the government.

(B)Science and reason, used together, could improve people's lives.

(C)New ideas should be less important than traditional knowledge and beliefs.

(D)People needed to suffer a little to make progress and find happiness.

Answer 1

B)Science and reason, used together, could improve people's lives.

Philosophers of medieval age were highly inspired by the classical philosophies of Graeco-roman era. Deeply enshrined in these philosophies was the concepts of reason, vis a vis objectivity and empiricism defined in terms of science. One of the classical philosophers who deeply wrote about reason and empiricism was Aristotle who had been inspired by Plato.