Question

When u-238 transmutates into th-234, this represents?

Answer 1

The answer you are looking for is alpha decay :)

Answer 2

Answer is: alpha decay.

Nuclear reaction: ²³⁸U → ²³⁴Th + α (alpha particle).
Alpha particle is nucleus of a helium-4 atom, which is made of two protons and two neutrons.
Alpha decay is radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and transforms into an atom with an atomic number that is reduced by two and mass number that is reduced by four.