Roberto Lucchini conducted the tremor, olfactory and motor changes in Italian adolescents exposed to historical ferromanganese emission experiment after an increased prevalence of Parkinsonism was observed in Valcamonica, Italy. The region was impacted by ferroalloy plant emissions containing manganese and other metals for a century till 2001.
The historical exposure to manganese from the ferroalloy emission was reflected in its concentration in soil and biomarkers was associated with the subclinical deficits in olfactory and motor functions among adolescents.