The given type of question is an example of Planning for contingencies .
Option C
Explanation: 
A contingency plan is an action plan that will allow an organisation to quickly respond to a major event or circumstance that may or may not happen in the future. Sometimes a discretionary strategy is called' Plan B,' because it can also be used as a substitute for implementation if the goals are not accomplished. 
 In many instances, governmental or corporate contingency plans are made. Suppose, for example, that many company employees fly together on a crashing aircraft that kills them all on board. This failure could severely stress or even kill the business.