Final answer:
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share electrons. The shared pair of electrons is called a bonding pair. In covalent bonds, electrons in the overlapping orbitals of the two atoms are shared to stabilize both atoms involved.
Step-by-step explanation:
A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electrons. The shared pair of electrons is called a bonding pair. Atoms can share two electrons each to make a double bond or three electrons each to make a triple bond. A single covalent bond is formed when two electrons are shared between the same two atoms. In covalent bonds, electrons in the overlapping orbitals of the two atoms are shared to stabilize both atoms involved.